Teacher immediacy Essays

Educator promptness Essays Educator promptness Paper Educator promptness Paper Promptness can be depicted as mental and physical closeness to another human (Gorham, 1988). Generally, quickness has two parts, non verbal and verbal. Non-verbal promptness practices have been classified into things such at grins, eye to eye connection, conveying at short separations, body places that are forward inclining and additionally loose, positive motions, contact, and assortment in vocalizations (Christophel, 1990; Kearney, Plax, Smith, Sorenson, 1988). Verbal promptness would incorporate self-exposure, utilization of we, approaching understudies by name, and cleverness (Gorham, 1988; Kearney et al. , 1988). Unmistakably instructor instantaneousness impacts educator adequacy, understudy inspiration, and understudy learning (Gorham, 1988; Rodriguez, Plax, Kearney, 1996). What is indistinct is the connection between educator instantaneousness, saw instructor sexual orientation, and understudy readiness to take an interest. For this investigation, the variable of educator nonverbal and verbal promptness practices will be understudy given an account of a 34-thing measure (Christophel, 1990). Seen Gender of the Instructor Because the understudies will provide details regarding the sexual orientation characteristics of the teacher, this variable is named as seen sex. Sex and sexual orientation are not terms that are tradable today in correspondence look into (Campbell, Gillaspy, Thompson, 1997). The term sex for the most part alludes to natural contrasts among ladies and men while sexual orientation frequently alludes to the social, mental, and social convictions people have about themselves as being male or female (Pearson Davilla, 2001). For this investigation, sexual orientation is characterized as the sex kind of an individual dependent on how much that individual has disguised the qualities the general public has esteemed as manly and female, and these manly and ladylike attributes are outlined by the BSRI dependent on a judgment regarding whether American culture saw those attributes as progressively attractive in people, separately (Bem, 1974). As instructive correspondence analysts, we are keen on the degree to which our understudies have disguised societys gauges for being manly or ladylike and how this disguise impacts how understudies conceptualize and arrange instructor sexual orientation attributes. One approach to gauge impression of sex jobs is to utilize the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) made by Sandra Bem (1974). The BSRI regarded manliness and gentility as two separate measurements and asked respondents to self-rate from a rundown of character attributes (Auster Ohm, 2000). Every respondent would be characterized into one of four gatherings: male/female (high manly/high ladylike), manly (high manly/low female), ladylike (low manly/high ladylike), and undifferentiated (low manly/low ladylike) (Pearson Davilla, 2001; Wheeless, Dierks-Stewart, 1981). In the first investigation, Menzel and Carrel (1999) found no critical connection between the organic sex of educators and understudy eagerness to take an interest. What is indistinct is both the connection between saw instructor sexual orientation and understudy readiness to take part and the connection between saw educator sex and educator instantaneousness practices. For this investigation, the variable of saw sex of the teacher will be understudy written about a 20-thing BSRI. Ability to Talk Understudy readiness to talk is a significant segment of the study hall condition, yet lamentably it is uncommon for most of understudies take an interest in entire class conversation (Green, 2000) Oral understudy cooperation is connected to dynamic learning (Steinert, Snell, 1999), and teachers use class conversations to create basic reasoning abilities (Garside, 1996) and to improve understudy correspondence capability (Zorn, 1991). Moreover, understudy in-class discourse is regularly a way that educators measure their educational viability, and teachers likewise use understudy discourse to assess understudy learning (Cooper, 1995). In spite of the significance of understudy discourse in understudy learning, in a conversation setting that consolidates thirty-five understudies or less, 15 percent of the understudies will be answerable for 75 percent of all understudy discourse (Green, 2000). On account of this dissimilarity in understudy cooperation, it is critical to examine factors that could impact understudy eagerness to talk. Menzel and Carrel (1999) found the degree of understudy readiness to converse with be decidedly connected with understudy learning; they likewise contended that study hall discourse is critical to consider in light of the fact that it is an impression of viable guidance. When estimating readiness to talk in class, it appears to be sensible to acknowledge Menzel and Carrels (1999) fuse of the factors of understudy intrigue and state inspiration, kind of investment condition, guest plan, and level of strife with thoughts examined, particularly since the specialists factually assessed their instrument for inward legitimacy and found these factors important in contemplating understudy ability to talk. For this examination the variable of understudy ability to talk in class is self-provided details regarding a 19-thing measure fusing the previously mentioned factors (Menzel Carrel, 1999). Purposes and Objectives This investigation looks to imitate parts of the first examination done by Menzel and Carrell (1999), with organic sex being supplanted by sex of educator, which is characterized as mental sex qualities and understudy gave an account of the abbreviated BSRI. As recently examined, look into has emphatically connected educator instantaneousness practices with understudy readiness to talk (Menzel Carrell, 1999). Past research has not examined two potential connections: between understudy ability to talk and saw educator sexual orientation qualities, and between teacher instantaneousness practices and saw teacher sex attributes. Theory and Research Questions: H1: An understudies eagerness to talk in class will decidedly fluctuate dependent on educator instantaneousness conduct (verbal and nonverbal joined in one variable). RQ1: Will an understudies readiness to talk in class change as a component of the understudy announced apparent sexual orientation of the educator? RQ2: Is there a connection between educator quickness conduct (verbal and nonverbal consolidated in one variable) and understudy announced apparent sexual orientation of the teacher? With respect to our informational index, we overviewed junior college understudies while Menzel and Carrell (1999) reviewed college understudies. Given the contrasts between the instructive plans of some junior college understudies and the instructive plans of college understudies, we thought about whether length of arranged training could affect how understudies gave an account of the three factors of our examination. In light of this, we suggested a last research conversation starter.

Family Heritage

Family is characterized by the word reference as a â€Å"fundamental social gathering in the public eye regularly comprising of a couple of guardians and their youngsters, having similar objectives, basic heritage and living under a similar rooftop. † In present day times a family may comprise of a couple of guardians of the other gender or two of a similar sex as a developing number of nations and wards including the United States have lifted bans or have set up some legitimate acknowledgment for this sort of â€Å"modern families† (J. Burkholder, ,. , and Burbank, P. 012) Notwithstanding how society characterizes the family structure or how families are created they all consideration for the prosperity and strength of its individuals, taken more noteworthy endeavors to create sound family structures, contributing opportunity to guarantee every relative is furnished with the vital instruments to turn into a beneficial and solid citizen. Families share numerous components for all intents and purpose, those variables is the thing that makes them extraordinary likewise gives human services suppliers pieces of information to treat ailments influencing a specific family. A family clinical history is significant it ought to incorporate data transmitted from age to age fundamentally from close family members, for example, grandparents, guardians, people own youngsters, siblings and sisters, aunties and uncles, nieces and nephews. Knowing one’s family clinical history permits making vital moves to conceivably lessen the danger of building up an infection later on throughout everyday life, regardless of whether the ailment runs in their family; additionally thinking about what explicit illness influences the family and how to take preventive measures, adds to the advancement of wellbeing among relatives and its recuperation. Regard for each other’s convictions is a significant piece of my family. The family is made out of 16 individuals, we practice three unique religions Christian, Catholic and Judaism; strict administrations, birthday events and different occasions are significant occasions for the entire family to get together. Recognized three wellbeing and family analysis that can identify with my family: 1. Viable Therapeutic Regimen Management, torment leveled out utilizing contemplation because of poor resistance to torment executioners. Applies to my mother’s strategy for torment control. 2. Inadequate Health Maintenance, careful mediations and neuropathic torment identified with diabetes and uncontrolled weight. Applies to my sister’s battle with her weight and diabetes. 3. Hazard for Situational Low Self-Esteem, not feeling or considered self to be delightful identified with overweight issues. Applies to my more seasoned niece and her battle with her picture and her weight.

Edward Bloom Free Essays

Who is Edward Bloom? By: Michael Preciutti Edward Bloom is a saint. He is a man driven with positive thinking, thinks about others and improves their lives, and he is a man that needs possibly to be recalled when he dies. It is his beguiling acceptable looks and his capacity to make a companionship with whomever he gets familiar with, which empowers Edward to remain a recollected saint. We will compose a custom exposition test on Edward Bloom or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now In any case, what keeps him generally isolated from the standard individual is his dumbfounding manners by which he recounts to his accounts. Sprouts stories recount a man loaded up with mental fortitude, respect, initiative, and extraordinary quality, which are all attributes of an epic legend. As a youngster he gave indications of such qualities when he was compelled by his companions to sneak into an old witches house to take her glass eye. Obviously, the witch favored him and he got himself another companion. Such a demonstration most clearly shows a massive feeling of fortitude and respect towards his promise. In another scene, the youngster is asked by his town to avoid of a malevolent animal that has decimated a few structures. Sprout acknowledges felt that the animal was just a man†¦ an extremely enormous man living in an unassuming community. The man’s name was Karl and he thought that it was difficult to fit in as Edward calls attention to, â€Å"Most things considered fiendishness are simply forlorn. † Such initiative as Edward Bloom makes in the scene is likewise found all through the remainder of the film. Edward Bloom is a saint not just on the grounds that he assists individuals with loving Karl, or journey’s through startling woods shoeless, or even on the grounds that he was hit by a festival ride that sent him flying 300 feet noticeable all around and made due without a solitary physical issue, yet in addition since he is associated with in excess of a lifetime. His accounts live everlastingly, just as his life’s undertakings. Edward Blood epitomizes being a saint. A saint should be gallant, solid, steadfast, and in particular, recalled. Edwards’s stories had been told so often that they had permitted him to get godlike. He was a perpetual figure among those he knew his accounts. Step by step instructions to refer to Edward Bloom, Essay models

Outline the Cosmological Argument for the Existence of God (21)

Diagram the cosmological contention for the presence of God (21) The Cosmological contention is a contention that endeavors to demonstrate the presence of God, it is otherwise called the causation contention which contends that as all occasions require a reason, if the universe is an occasion it must have a reason and that cause is God. The contention is a posteriori on the grounds that its dependent on proof that as of now exists known to mankind. The cosmological contention is likewise inductive in light of the fact that the end is what is generally plausible, it is additionally manufactured on the grounds that reality must be controlled by understanding. Cosmological’ originates from the Greek words ‘kosmos’ and ‘logos’ deciphered as ‘cosmos’ interchangeable with ‘universe’ and ‘Logos’ meaning ‘blueprint’ or ‘plan’. Thusly, ‘cosmology’ alludes to the ‘blueprint of t he universe’. The Cosmological contention started from Plato and Aristotle anyway it was principally later evolved by St. Thomas Aquinas. Their contentions both started with the possibility that movement needs an earlier organization. Plato at that point recognized the principal reason for the chain of occasions as the requirement for an unaffected mover which began the chain.Aquinas' principle contention is notable as ‘Aquinas' third way'; the contention from possibility and need. The first of Aquinas' ways was ‘from movement,' this follows the possibility that all items move and a difference in quality is development. Nothing can move itself, which at that point prompts the possibility of a chain of development yet the chain can't be infinate, therfor there must be an unaffected mover to start the chain. This first mover is God. The second of Aquinas' ways was ‘from efficiant causes,' this follows the possibility that everything is brought about by somethi ng different in light of the fact that they cannot cause themselves or they would exist before themselves.However this would imply that there cannot be a boundless chain of causes, which means there must be a first reason that caused all causes, at that point this first reason is God. The third of Aquinas' ways is ‘from possibility and need. This follows the possibility that everything is dependant of variables outside itself, therefor everything is unforeseen. In the event that this is right, at that point there must be an essential being whereupon everything is dependant on. The important being is God.Another part to the cosmological contention is the Kalam contention which was created by Al Ghazali and as of late created by Craig. The Kalam contention dismisses the possibility of a real endless in light of the fact that a genuine limitless past of the universe is unthinkable. Craig built up the Kalam contention and included that it is legitimately unsound to propose an unbo unded arrangement in light of the fact that for this to really happen we would must have voyage an interminable time allotment so still wouldnt be in the present yet.However, some would scrutinize Aquinas’ hypothesis, for instance; Hick jabs gaps in aquinas' ‘three ways. ’ Hick says that Aquinas present us with two other options; that the universe is either â€Å"a fact†, or there is a ‘first cause’. Aquinas' contention must be demonstrated if there is proof of a first reason for the universe. (ii )Consider the view that the qualities are more persuading than the shortcomings (9) Leibniz contended that there must be an adequate purpose behind the universe to exist which underpins Aquinas' theory.Leibniz says that regardless of whether the universe had consistently been in presence, it would at present require a clarification for its reality so we can build up that there is some different option from nothing. Since there is nothing inside the u niverse to show why it exists the explanation should therefor exist outside of it. Anyway Hume can't help contradicting Aquinas and sees that to show up at the existance of god from the premises of the cosmological contention, this requires an inductive jump which insufficiently surmises without having real proof that takes into consideration the supposition to be made.This then implies that you can't make an inductive jump about the universe since we can't make decisions about something outside our exerience. Rather than Hume copelston suports Aquinas' dismissal of unending relapse dependent on the possibility that an endless chain of unforeseen creatures would just comprise of unexpected creatures therefor meaning they might never bring themselves into reality. Anyway like Hume, Mackie can't help contradicting Aquinas' inductive jump by expressing cap ‘ everything sooner or later should exist' to ‘at some point at some point everything doesn't exist' here there is an a way from of things that just dont bode well to put after one another as there is plainly something missing in the center. Thinking about these focuses we can make the presumption that the shortcomings are in undeniable reality more grounded than the qualities in light of the fact that the strenghts concur with the inductive jump aquinas has made, anyway the jump unmistakably looks as though something in the center is absent as you simply cant make a supposition on an option that could be greater than us that we have no expience of.

How Body Image Has Changed During the Past Half Century - 550 Words

How Body Image Has Changed During the Past Half Century (Essay Sample) Content: How Body Image Has ChangedDuring the Past Half CenturyNameInstitutional AffiliationBody image is the multidimensional aesthetic concept that incorporates attitude and personal perception of an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s appearance. Body satisfaction and psychological significance form part of the core aspects of body image. Beauty has been a priority of great value in the human community. Body image has thus improved medical and experimental attention due to thehigh prevalence of body image concern. The generallook has been used to evaluate attitude with concern to identical physical characteristics of an individual such as shape and physical body weight. Body image has changed gradually over the half century because undesirable body image perception results in hostile psychological penalties ("The Progress of the Ideal Feminine Body over the Past Century,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 2015). Such penalties include social concern, depression, reduced quality of life, disorder eating and underprivileged self-esteem.First, there has been achange in the effect of thesize difference between men and women on several aspects of body image assessment. During the past half century, size difference evaluations clearly show increasing distinct between men and women on the body image satisfaction concern. Women body image deteriorated during the past half century due to increased body image change precipitously. For instance majority of men desire to be Havier while women wanted to be slimmer. Ideal women beauty in the 1920swas characterized by wide hips, tall with constricted waist and large bust. Gibson girl described the figure. In the 1940s, Rita had faultless healthy skin with a slimmer body. The ideal beauty transformed from theunachievable curve in the 1920s.Her look was similar to that of an average American woman.Secondly, Body image has resulted to eating disorder. The recent evaluation recommends improvement in body image satisfaction. "New beauty ideas brought wit h thesexual revolution inthe 1960s undoubtedly designate that long-legged, and slender women were highly fashioned" (Cash, 1992, p.134-145). For example, Lawson turns out to be prominent for her small frame physical appearance. Moreover, minimal slim natural make up thebody with flowing hairs provided outstanding beauty in the 1970s.Next, in the 1980s, thedesirable,appealing body image was the athletic body type in women. The implausible appeal was attained through the possession of slim and toned appearance. According to Gilman (1980, p.200-219)," themajority of the models in the 1980s weighed sixteen percent less compared to the regular weight of their healthy sizes. Naomi Campbell became a supermodel in the 1980s because she was thin bodied, tall and far from an average American female body typeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ .The majority of women in 1993 showed diminished desire in the likelihood of weight loss. According to Bryant (2008),à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ some medical overindulgences are Anorexia nervosa. Extreme fear characterizes the conditionof gaining body weight even if an individual is severely underweight. Such individuals engage in physical exercise and extreme dieting to avoid gaining weightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . For example in the 1990s, themajority of models became slimmer. Moss Kate was in fashion in1993 due to her aesthetic...

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Examples

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Examples Comparative and Superlative Adjectives Adjectives, which are words that describe nouns or pronouns, can also be used to make comparisons between different nouns or pronouns. When an adjective is used to compare two objects, you use the comparative form of the adjective. The comparative form is usually formed by adding an "er" to the adjective. When an adjective is used to compare three objects, you use the superlative form of the adjective. The superlative form is usually formed by adding an "est" to the adjective. When an adjective has more than one syllable, the comparative and superlative forms are made by adding "more" (comparative) or "most" (superlative) in front of the adjective. There are some adjectives that are irregular, and the comparative and superlative forms are made in a different way (example: good). Examples of Comparative and Superlative Adjectives: Examples of adjectives and their comparative form: Tall = taller Fast = faster Big = bigger Delicious = more delicious Excellent = more excellent Good = better Examples of adjectives and their superlative form: Tall = tallest Fast = fastest Big = biggest Delicious = most delicious Excellent = most excellent Good = best Examples of comparative and superlative adjectives in a sentence: 1) I think Lisa is shorter than Pam. 2) Of all the boys, Paul runs the fastest. 3) In the music show, the horns were the loudest instruments. 4) I think my sister is prettier than I am. 5) Jordan is a better mathematician than Will is, but Will is the best scientist in the class.

Television and College Life Essay examples - 2244 Words

Television and College Life After a long day of classes, I just like to lie down on the couch and relax while watching my favorite television show. Like me, this is how many college students end the day. After conducting a series of surveys and interviews, I realized that, even though we all like to watch our favorite shows, we prefer different shows and watch them at different times in different ways. My overall goal was to determine if there was any difference in television viewing based upon gender. In addition, I hoped to learn: how much TV college students watch per day; if viewers look forward to watching a particular show; if college students use TV as an escape from the everyday pressures; and, if they â€Å"channel†¦show more content†¦I attempted to utilize close-ended questions to achieve more consistency in the answers. However, I did include two open-ended questions. These were used to gain matching answers among the participants as well as within the survey. The next q uestions focused on their viewing habits: usual times of viewing, frequency of viewing, viewing habits, and preferences for particular shows. The final questions addressed whether or not the participants â€Å"channel surfed,† if they anticipated watching one particular show, and their moods associated with the show. The first question in my survey asks: â€Å"What television shows do you watch the most?† I listed the following categories: drama, comedy, soap operas, reality TV (including news, sports, talk shows and game shows), and other (which permitted each participant to write in any favorite category not included in the other choices). Reviewing the listed responses, I was surprised to find that reality TV seemed to be the most popular category among college students. According to my survey, game shows, specifically dating shows, were the most popular among the female participants. Sports, specifically Sports Center, ranked as the most popular among the males surveyed. The second most popular category was comedy, with two members of each gender selecting this answer. The Simpsons was the response given by both male participants, while theShow MoreRelatedReality Televisions Influence on Society794 Words   |  3 PagesReality television tries to disguise what is rea lly going on in the television shows. The actors and producers shine a false spotlight on â€Å"reality†. â€Å"Reality television is defined as a ‘TV show observing real-life situation: television programs often deliberately manufactured situations, and that monitor their emotions and behavior’† (Paredes 26). Reality television is a bad influence on our society today due to the popularity, decision making, and misconduct of the individuals shown. People in today’sRead MoreStudy on the Effects of Study Habits1736 Words   |  7 Pagescircumstances they are in. Happy-go-lucky is a characteristic of a person in which he is optimistic on things around him, takes things lightly, and often smiles. Often, Filipinos get their smiles while watching television. According to the study of Sigmund Freud, watching television can cause absorption and imaginative involvement, a defense mechanism to escape one’s problems. Many people consider the hour of study, as very important. Student need to develop time management skills. They mustRead MoreTransitioning From High School At College Is Always A Struggle For Any Young Adult1649 Words   |  7 Pagesschool to college is always a struggle for any young adult. The idea of picking your own classes, living on campus, and separating from lifelong friends is extremely overwhelming to process. However, when transitioning to college you are now back in the underclassmen category and must work your way back up the â€Å"status ladder.† College opens up a new world that individuals must explore in order to make the best of their first year. But no matter what college we attend, our freshman year of college willRead MoreReality TV Research1402 Words   |  6 Pagessearching â€Å"hypercritical, † and â€Å"reality television shows.† No results were found and I was astonished by this. I had to think of other words that would bring up art icles so I thought of â€Å"gratifications† and â€Å"reality television†. Articles did come out but it wasnt the answer to my main question. It answered why viewers were entertained by drama in reality television shows but not why producers did the drama. I tried searching â€Å"producers† and â€Å"reality television† but no related articles were found. IRead MoreTelevision Has Impacted The World Of Entertainment720 Words   |  3 Pages52 million television set in American homes. Today, approximately, 285 million televisions sets are in American households. Almost every Americans own a television in their homes and it is the one of the most popular electronics devices. Since the invention of television, television had impacted the world of entertainment. In 1960s, television was founded mostly on political forces. While the modern world, television was created on drama and entertainment. The transition of television shows in theRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Television882 Words   |  4 Pagesabout these reality shows such as: Keeping Up with the Kardashians, Bad Girls Club, and The Real Housewives that we cannot stop watching? After watching reality shows like this, it leaves people craving the next episode of the next week. Reality television producers are exploiting people by giving the public a â€Å"sense† of reality but not the real version of it, but rather exploit people and use stereotypes to make money for entertainment. The specific points of this argument is: the excessive amountRead MoreLiving Out the Reality of Others?1478 Words   |  6 Pagesreality that is shown on television and sometimes in commercials as well. Teenagers find role models in the reality shows they see on television today. It is not always a bad thing, but it is also not always a good thing. Many people wonder why teenagers today have begun to act out of character, mistreat people around them, and even stay up on the latest trends, thi s is happening because, â€Å"Teens are naturally curious about other people’s lives and want to know how their own life compare† says familyRead MoreJksdjk1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe Invention of Television † Student’s name: Ahmed masoud Al Reyami H00134790 Fahad Ahmed H00247616 Abdullah yaqoob Mrs.: Julie Richards The Invention of Television ------------------------------------------------- When you ask the question--who invented television, you may get a few different answers! Television was not invented by a single inventor, instead many people working together and alone over the years, contributed to the evolution of television. * In Sorbonne, France1922Read MoreEssay on Socialization843 Words   |  4 Pagesschool has the responsibility for instilling in children the information, skills, and values that society deems important for social life. School teaches children the basics of the three Rs, as well as honesty, dependability, interpersonal interaction, discipline, and punctuality. Schools socialize children into gender roles and gender differences continue through college. Schools introduce a formal system of evaluation by using grades and report cards whereas the family provides a more intimate relationshipRead MoreThe 1950s Housewife: The Rise of the Modern Supermom Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the 1950s, it was believed that creating a home and having children were one of the most important goals for most women. During their schooling years, most women attended college to get their M.r.s. degree, or the reason most women went to college was to get married and not to earn a real degree ( PBS.org, 2001, para. 3). Women also started working again, though they did not have equal benefits or pay to men. Women were also hired for jobs that tailored to their looks, not their skills (Coster

Eleanor Roosevelt Women s Rights - 1074 Words

Eleanor Roosevelt was born on October 11, 1884 and died on November 7, 1962. She was an activist, diplomat, and American politician. She was the longest serving First Lady. She was one of the most powerful women in American. She was the wife of Franklin D, Roosevelt and an outspoken person on women s rights. She was considered one of the best politicians from the 1920’s to the 1940’s. Therefore, she was one of the most influential women in U.S. history. Eleanor Roosevelt’s father and mother both died when she was very young. She adored her father even though he was an alcoholic and she hardly ever saw him. Her and her siblings moved in with their grandparents in New York when their parents died. She was born into a rich New York Family. Until the age of 15 she was a tutor. Then she was sent to an all-girl school where she excelled under the mentorship of the headmistress. This mentor also helped young women fight for independents. Eleanor Roosevelt, at the age of 18, went back to New York and became very actively in women reform. She then joined the National Consumer League Their mission was to change unsafe working environments. Eleanor Roosevelt helped her husband, the President of the United States, throughout his entire career. He depended on her the most when he was plagued with a lot of health issues. She attended her husband’s entire meeting when he became too sick to get out of bed. Eleanor Roosevelt’s interest in politics began before her husband’s careerShow MoreRelatedEleanor Roosevelt : Women s Rights And Race Issues1224 Words   |  5 PagesFor 78 years, Eleanor Roosevelt was an extremely influential yet controversial woman. She was the First Lady of the United States from 1933 to 1945. Eleanor went through many challenges in her life to become the influential leader she was. Her childhood was one of a terrible tragedy; however, while her husband was in and out of office, she tried to help others have a b etter life. While she was politically involved in many areas, her biggest interest was in women’s rights and race issues. Born onRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt : Long Range Goal1005 Words   |  5 PagesAnna Eleanor Roosevelt Isra El-khateeb Long-Range Goal: To inform listeners about the legacy and inspirational status Eleanor Roosevelt left behind. Immediate Purpose: To entertain and inspire my audience by honoring the roles Eleanor Roosevelt played and describing the impact she has on our daily life. INTRODUCTION I. Arouse Audience Interest in the Topic A. It is difficult in a sense to capture the greatness of Eleanor’s life in simple terms through her background, but we will surely uncoverRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt as a Leader845 Words   |  4 Pagesleader, who was also a hero in the popular press, was Eleanor Roosevelt. Eleanor Roosevelt made enduring changes in the role of the First Lady of the United States, and championed change in human rights around the world. The First Lady became a career position, a political platform, a media persona, and a worldwide influence at a time when most women did not pursue careers. Eleanor Roosevelt stood up for women when women did not have any rights. She then stood up for African-American, most notablyRead MoreWomen s Rights Throughout History1539 Words   |  7 PagesWomen’s Rights throughout History Today and throughout history, women have had to face a vast amount of discrimination towards themselves in politics, the workplace, and in the effort to receive a better education. Within the past decades, women have been discriminated against in many different aspects and have struggled throughout their day-to-day lives. However, many people have also taken significant action in standing up for the female population and working to improve their lives. Many individualsRead More Eleanor Roosevelt Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pages Although Eleanor Roosevelt served as first lady from 1932 to 1945, her influence lasted much longer than expected. Eleanor became her husband’s ears and eyes during her husband’s presidency and aided human rights during her entire life. She did what no other First Lady, or woman had dared to do before; she challenged society’s wrong doings. Many respected her; President Truman had called her â€Å"the First Lady of the World (Freedman, 1 68).† Eleanor Roosevelt was an amazing first lady who helped herRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt : An Influential First Lady1461 Words   |  6 PagesAn influential first lady, civil rights activist, feminist and writer, Eleanor Roosevelt was born Anna Eleanor Roosevelt on October 11, 1884 in New York City and died November 7, 1962. Eleanor was born to Anna Hall and Elliot Roosevelt, who is the little brother of future President, Theodore Roosevelt. Eleanor was raised by her grandmother, Mary Livingston Ludlow, after the premature death of her parents. Eleanor then moved to England where she attended a private school, there she had a feministRead MoreEleanor Of The Oldest And Richest Families995 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 11, 1884, to Anna Hall and Elliott Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt joined the world. Eleanor brought together two of the oldest and richest families. Little did the world know, this little child would change the world. With an alcoholic father, Eleanor was raised mostly by her mother and the nannies they hired. After the death of both her parents, her two brothers, her two sisters, and Eleanor all went to live with their grandparents. Mary Hall told Eleanor that her mother wanted her to go to boardingRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt Was A Remarkable First Lady Who Forever1498 Words   |  6 PagesEleanor Roosevelt was a remarkable First Lady who forever changed the concept and role a First Lady plays. Giving radio addresses, writing her own newspaper column, being watched by the FBI, and being the nation’s longest serving First Lady are all part of what makes Eleanor Roosevelt a truly remarkable person. Eleanor took the role as first lady and completely revolutionized the expectations of a First Lady. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in 1884 into a very wealthy family. Her parents andRead MoreHow Did Eleanor Roosevelt’s Personal Life Relate to Her Choice of Dedicating Her Life to Helping Others?1520 Words   |  7 PagesEleanor Roosevelt was born on the 11th of October 1884 and went on to be one of the most symbolic characters in the history of the United States. She was the eyes and ears of her husband Franklin D. Roosevelt and not only participated in but revolutionized her role as the First lady of America. It is important to understand that the momentous achievements Eleanor Roosevelt accomplished in her lifetime were based on the personal experiences and hardships she had to overcome throughout her life. AnnaRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt s Life Of Wealth And Privilege1410 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Plain, ordinary Mrs. Roosevelt† Eleanor Roosevelt was born in 1884 in New York City to socialites Elliot Bulloch Roosevelt and Anna Rebecca Hall. She was born into a world of immense wealth and privilege that she didn’t really fit into or understand. Her mother died in 1892 and after a long battle with alcoholism, her father leapt to his death from a sanitarium window in 1894. After so much death at a young age, Eleanor was prone to bouts of melancholy and depression throughout her life. After

The Cold Truth ~ Cassidy Pena - 2043 Words

The Cold Truth ~ Cassidy Peà ±a The Cold War was the most dangerous boasting battle in the history of the world, and it created many problems that even today have yet to be solved. It was a 44-year war between two of the world’s superpowers: the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America. At one point during the war, nuclear weapons were mass-produced by both sides, mainly for the bragging rights of having more weapons than their opponents (this was called the â€Å"Nuclear Arms Race†). (Trueman) Americans were outraged when the Soviet Union beat them into space with the launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial Earth satellite (part of another Cold War race, the â€Å"Space Race†). (History.com Staff) Put simply, the Cold†¦show more content†¦The current world relations between the United States and countries that opposed them during the Cold War remain unfriendly. For instance, the relations between the United States and the communist nation of Cuba are sti ll very poor as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis during the Cold War; when the Soviet Union was allowed by the Cuban government to station nuclear missiles pointed towards the United States in Cuba, only 99 miles away from Florida. Today, there is still an embargo prohibiting United States corporations from doing any business with Cuba and restricting United States citizens from travelling to Cuba. (ProCon.org) Another example of international relations damaged by the Cold War are the notoriously strained relations of the Russian Federation and the United States. The two nations have been well known as enemies since even before World War II. In fact, in the year 1980, the United States Olympic Team boycotted the Summer Olympics that were being held in Moscow. (Smothers) But in 2009, almost 20 years after the Cold War had ended, Dmitry Medvedev and Barack Obama agreed to â€Å"reset† the relations between the countries and wipe the proverbial slate of all contempt rooted i n the Cold War. Despite this, there is still much lingering rivalry between the two very different nations, showing that more people than just the leaders of the countries must acknowledge these poor relations if they are to ever be mended.

Steve Jobs the Man Who Thought Different Book Review Essay

Think Different â€Å"Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life† (253). The man who changed the world of technology said this in front of thousands of Stanford graduates. All of the interesting work and his life was written in a biography called Steve Jobs: The Man Who Thought Different by Karen Blumenthal. Blumenthal included everything about Jobs from birth to death in this book. The title of the book came from Apple advertisements that said â€Å"Think Different.† The main character of the book was obviously Steve Jobs. Jobs was the co-founder of Apple Inc., NeXT, and Pixar and he was able to do all that because he was the man who thought different. Anyone who owns an Apple product or has seen many of the famous movies†¦show more content†¦Without Jobs, Apple was falling apart. In 1996, Apple agrees to buy NeXT for more than $400 million. Apple didn’t buy just NeXT, but they also bought Steve Jobs back. Jobs bec ame the chief executive and Apple’s a multi-billion dollar company thanks to products like the iMac and iPods. Jobs said, â€Å"Getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. Blumenthal says, â€Å" In an almost unbelievable way, the dots had connected again. Jobs had been thrown out of Apple, started a company that struggled, and then sold that company to Apple, his first love, where he was now in charge. Of course, none of it would have happened had he not been fired† (197). In 2003, a rare tumor called the neuroendocrine tumor was found in Steve Jobs’s pancreas. Jobs kept avoiding his doctor and surgeries. But 9 months after the tumor was found, he finally agreed to have surgery. The surgery was successful and gave Jobs another six to seven years to live. Blumenthal said about his situation, â€Å"The prospect of death kept him focused on what was most important to him, prompting him to shift direction when he stopped making the most of each day† (246). Jobs took several medical leaves from Apple and finally, he resigns from Apple on August 24, 2011. This left many people worried if Jobs was going to be okay; he was not. A little under two months later, he passed away and the whole world was distraught by hisShow MoreRelatedSteve Jobs Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe ones who see things differently -- theyre not fond of rules... 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Apple Inc. is a 39-year-old American information technology company selling consumer electronics like phones, Computers, tablets etc. It is a company of innovation by Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak ,which has completely changed the world. It is currently the world’s second largest IT Company after Samsung and is first in the United States according to the value, which is over $700 billion. As per its past and current recordsRead MoreComparing Media Images Of Criminological Research Essay1712 Words   |  7 Pagesthese heroes were part god which explained their extra-ordinary abilities. Super crime fighters have always existed, but when comic books began in the 19th century a new set of rules was created to guide their content to be more appropriate than the Greek tales (Coville). â€Å"The Comics Code† was a list of regulations regarding the depiction of certain events in comic books maintained by the Comics Magazine Association of America (Nyberg). 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Project Management Weekly Portfolio Learning

Question: Discuss about theProject Management Weekly Portfolio Learning. Answer: Weekly Portfolio Learning Table Topic and reading samples. Your personal learning outcomes from this course. Learnings from your experience. Supporting documentation including your prior learnings. LEGISLATION, STANDARDS, FRAMEWORKS, GUIDELINES, METHODOLOGIES. OPM is an important strategy that organizations can use, based on their unique circumstances, to improve the performance of their strategy delivery. An important lesson I gained from the course is that OPM is a methodology framework that can be used to connect the highest level vision and mission of an organization to hands-on projects execution. With OPM, organizations can manage programs, projects, and portfolios, in alignment with achievement of its strategic goals in a systematic manner. Further, I have learned that while project management focuses on process and efficiency, the OPM provides an even better framework that links strategy and project results as it combines project management, program management, and portfolio management and aligns them with organizational strategy and objectives. These practices are then fit to the organizations specific situation, context, and structure. I also learned how it benefits strategy execution for an organization Working as an intern in a retail organisation that sought to establish an e-commerce shop, I was part of the team to implement the strategy. I used elements of OPM and its tools to align the companys goals and objectives with the OPM framework and it helped us combine talent with the project management process and knowledge to meet the objective of a successful e-commerce presence I have understood the course reading requirement by reading Kerzners PMI Implementing Organizational PM Portfolio Reflection Usually, project managers use the project portfolio management process to evaluate the potential returns on a project; however, I have come to the realization that when OPM is incorporated into the portfolio, the core enabling processes of OPM added to input form the organization into the active organization portfolio creates a high level view of the entire portfolio. This helps create better forecasts and visualisation that top management and decision makers can evaluate; resulting in better selection for projects, as guided by the strategic plan of the organization and available resources. This was helpful when deciding which social media platform and e-commerce framework to use for the best results; forecasting helped with selection and resource utilization that created the greatest impact. References Ipsaro, M. (2017). Organizational Project Management How OPM Connects Strategy to Results - Integrity Matters. [online] Integrity Matters. Available at: https://www.integritymc.com/blog/2014/05/organizational-project-management-how-opm-connects-strategy-to-results/ [Accessed 8 Apr. 2017]. Larry, B., Korinna, S. and Claudia, B. (2012). PMO - Organizational Project Management (OPM). [online] Pmi.org. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/pmo-opm-performance-strategy-6075 [Accessed 8 Apr. 2017]

Muradzi v Minister for Immigration-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Examine and discuss the reasons of Tracey J for his decision and the implications of this case in relation to valid visa applications. Answer: Introduction: Before going to the decision of the case and the reasons upon which Tracey J has come to such decisions, it is required to go through a brief knowledge of the fact of the case. The fact of the case is that the appellant applies for a Skilled (Provisional) (Class VC) migration visa. As per the provisions of the Act and the regulations, which deal with the procedure of the application of Visa, the appellant is to make the application for the renewal of visa within 15 March 2010, as the visa will expire on the same day. The appellant makes an application on the same day but through the mode of application, which has not been referred in the provisions of the Act and the regulations. The concerned office received the application on the next day when the visa has already expired. Therefore, the visa application has been refused and said as invalid. The officer who received the application said that the application was not made within the limitation period and in proper way. Therefore, the application stands rejected. On the decision of the Officer of the Immigration Department, the appellant sought for a judicial review and filed an appeal in the High Court of Australia. Reasons of the decision: The Judge dismissed the appeal on the following grounds. Firstly, the appellant has not made the application in the prescribed procedure as per the item 1229(3)(a) of the Schedule 1 of the Migration Regulations 1994[1] and so the minister had no obligation to consider the appeal. As per item 1229(3)(a) it has been said that the application must be made through internet or by posting the letter to the post box address or through courier service. The appellant has not taken the alternatives mentioned in the schedule and has sent the application through electronic transmission which as per the act has no validity. As per the provisions of the regulations, the appellant needs to file application for visa in the prescribed procedure and within the limitation period set by the register office. The appellant has failed to comply with the provisions of the regulation i.e. item 1229(3)(a) and has not applied for visa in the prescribed procedure and thus the visa application which reached the office cannot be consider as an application under the Migration Regulation. However, the appellant failed to comply with the statutory requirements of the regulation. Judge Tracey reached this decision by holding that the Court should approach the item 1229 (3) (a) construction in similar manner as it has approached provisions equivalent to the sub items (I) (dealing with prescribed forms) and (2) (dealing with fees). Secondly, the judge considering the provisions in the Migration Act states that the appellant has not complied with the provisions of the Act under Sec. 45(2) and (3). As per the sections it provided that the ministry would consider those applications as valid which has complied the provisions of the Act. Item 1229(3)(a) of the Schedule 1 of the Migration Regulations 1994 Therefore, the application of the appellant was rejected. In Project Blue Sky Inc Others v Australian Broadcasting Authority, the court has evaluated certain principle as to determining the validity of the act done by a person by breaching the statutory duty[2]. Accordingly, the Judge held that the decision fell under the other matters that Regulation 2.07 (I) requires to be satisfied for the visa application to be valid. Judge Tracey held that all the provisions relating to visa application were integral part of the same prescriptive legislative scheme. All the requirements of the scheme, therefore, must be met for a valid application to be made. The Judge subsequently agreed with High Court Judges that the Minister could not consider the purported application. Moreover, the court states that whether it was the purpose of the legislation that an act done which breach or violate the provision of the legislation should be considered to be invalid depends on the language and the scope and object of the legislation. Therefore, as per Tracey J, the appellant has breached the provisions of the Acts and regulations of Migration Department and thus the application of the Visa made by the appellant is invalid. Implication of this case in relation to Valid Visa Application: The decision of the court in dismissing the appellants application for Visa and asks the ministry not to entertain the application for the visa where the provisions of the Act and regulations. The case set a precedent and clarity on what really constitute the valid visa application. This is because gave the right and landmark construction of the statute and what the applicants seeking to make valid visa application need to do to have their applications considered by the Minister[3]. It also vindicated the Minister and set out the role of the Minister in valid visa application. The ruling also helped emphasized the need for the applicants of a valid visa to strictly follow the laid down rules and comply with all the requirements without looking for alternatives that are not grounded in law. Principle of Statutory Interpretation: Judge Tracey adopted the purposive rule of interpretation based on the use of external material in coming to the final decision and concludes the case with the give judgment. The Judge in this case has taken the assistance of the external material such as the case laws and the precedents to decide the matter and to determine the parliamentary purpose o the legislation. Judge understood the need to consider the language of the relevant provision along with the scope as well as object of the entire statute to arrive at the correct statutory interpretation to guide his arrival at the above conclusion in the appeal[4]. The purposive rule or principle or approach to the statutory interpretation of statutes has been untouched until emphasis and initiative has been taken by Prof. Burrows and Justice McGrath. The purposive approach is of great assistance dealing with interpretation of the statutes where the Judge examines the principle of parliament intention/object of Act and the scheme of the Act with the help of external material. The subject of the statutory interpretation is important because much of the law is contained in the statute books and the majority of the issues come before the court includes statutory interpretation. The Judge gave the word their statutory, literal, and grammatical meaning to establish the legislature intention. The judge has also considered Section 25C of the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 in dealing with the appellants case[5]. The provision states that when a form is prescribed under the Act then without any contrary intention, strict compliance is not necessary but substantial compliance is sufficient. For instance, where a statutory provision requires an application to be made to constitute a valid action under the legislation and if the applicant does not comply to the provision of the legislation then in such matter the court may interpret as invalid action of the applicant. Section 15AA of the Acts interpretation Act states the object of the use of purposive approach to the interpretation of statutes is that the purposive rule in the construction of the statutory interpretation would promote the purpose and object underlying the Act. As per the statute of interpretation it says that it is not required to adopt the purposive approach all the time. The approach will be considered only in case where there is availability of several constructions then the purposive rule is to be taken into consideration to promote the actual purpose of the Act. In Mills v Meeking[6] it has been stated that the provisions of any Act does not require any ambiguity or inconsistency for its operation. Therefore, it is clear that the provisions of the statute have been drafted with a purposive approach. Thus, Judge Tracey has decided the case by applying the purposive rule in the interpretation of the statutes and provisions. Conclusion: The judge thus had no doubt as to the legislatures intention, but that which was intended was never said in the statute. Thus he had the view that the legislative intent had to appear from the words actually utilized, and never from what was intended to be said by the legislature, but they failed to say. Judge Tracey was aware that he had no discretion to go beyond words used in the statute itself thus only viewed himself as the interpreter of the parliaments will[7]. Therefore, Judge Tracey knew that he had no basis speculating about what legislature actually intended but to interpret the law by looking at the statute itself as well as attempting to formulate the intended meaning by legislature on this basis. Bibliography: Administrative Decision-Making In Australian Migration Law - ANU(2017) Press-files.anu.edu.au ACTS INTERPRETATION ACT 1901(2017) Austlii.edu.au ACTS INTERPRETATION ACT 1901 - SECT 25Ccompliance With Forms(2017) Austlii.edu.au AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL(2003) www.austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/RevenueLawJl/2003/3.pdf (2017) https://www.lexisnexis.com.au/laying-down-the-law/downloads/chapter_13.pdf (2017) https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UQLawJl/1953/2.pdf Hunter Resources Ltd V Melville(2017) Eresources.hcourt.gov.au LA304 - Topic 3 - Principles Relating To The Interpretation Of Statutes Andconstitutions(2017) Vanuatu.usp.ac.fj MIGRATION REGULATIONS 1994 - SCHEDULE 1Classes Of Visa(2017) Austlii.edu.au Project Blue Sky Inc V Australian Broadcasting Authority [1998] HCA 28 | Office Of State Revenue(2017) MIGRATION REGULATIONS 1994 - SCHEDULE 1Classes Of Visa(2017) Austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mr1994227/sch1.html. Project Blue Sky Inc V Australian Broadcasting Authority [1998] HCA 28 | Office Of State Revenue(2017) 203.55.28.185 https://203.55.28.185/project-blue-sky-inc-v-australian-broadcasting-authority-1998-hca-28. Administrative Decision-Making In Australian Migration Law - ANU(2017) Press-files.anu.edu.au https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p318861/html/ch03.xhtml?referer=page=5. Administrative Decision-Making In Australian Migration Law - ANU(2017) Press-files.anu.edu.au https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p318861/html/ch03.xhtml?referer=page=5. ACTS INTERPRETATION ACT 1901 - SECT 25Ccompliance With Forms(2017) Austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/aia1901230/s25c.html. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL(2003) www.austlii.edu.au https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/RevenueLawJl/2003/3.pdf. (2017) https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UQLawJl/1953/2.pdf.

It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head Essay Example

It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head Essay For this piece of coursework, I have been asked to investigate if weather or not the building of the long groyne at Hengistbury Head was a selfish idea. This is an issue worth discussing because Hengistbury Head (HH) is a popular area, with many local residents and a lot of visiting tourists who come for the beach activities and services etc. HH is on the South coast of the UK, the most attacked coastline in the world, which is what causes the controversy, why protect one part of this coast, when all of it needs protecting? To help me in this investigation, I will answer some key questions: Where are HH and Highcliffe (HC) located? How has the shape of the coastline changed over time? (Before and after the groyne) what is HH and how was it formed? Why is it popular amongst tourists? What is there to do and see? What is an SSSI? What are the problems at HH regarding coastal erosion? What coastal protection methods are already in place? What evidence is there of coastal erosion at HC? Is there any coastal protection already at HC, if so, what? What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? I will also compare and contrast what is going on at HH and HC with case studies from across Britain. I will be using primary information; information that I myself has gathered, e.g. my booklet from the field trip, and secondary information, e.g. information from internet sites. I will draw this coursework to a close by giving my own opinion, using the information gathered from various sources as evidence to answer the key questions, and using them to back up what I think. We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on It was a selfish idea to build the long groyne at hengistbury head specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Two: Prediction Building the groyne at Hengistbury Head a selfish idea. In agreement with this statement, there are many things that could make the building of the groyne seem like a selfish idea. For example, the south coast of England is the most attacked coastline in the world, why should only one part be protected? What about the rest? Furthermore, Hengistbury Head is not only a friendly, bustling residential area, but also a popular tourist attraction, over 1,000,000 people visit HH every year, the groyne was very expensive, and needs maintaining, the money could have been spent on other things in the area to make it better for the those who live there and to make it better for, and attract more tourists. On the other hand however, it could be seen as unselfish, as there are almost always two sides to a story. As stated before, HH is a busy residential area, and very popular among tourists, the groyne is stopping the beaches from moving further and further along the coast, and protecting the land. Without it, the head would be at increasing risk of eroding further and further back, losing more and more land. This would be very unsuitable, due to the vast amount of people that live around/visit the head, homes and attractions would be destroyed, as well as memories. These are only 4 points arguing weather or not the groyne was selfish or not, by the end of this piece of work I hope to have many more, creating a stronger argument on this statement. Three: Key Questions One: Where are Hengistbury Head and Highcliffe located? Hengistbury Head and Highcliffe are both located in the South East of England, in the UK. Hengistbury Head is in Bournemouth, Dorset and South of Southampton, West of Portsmouth, East of Exeter and is on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean. Highcliffe is in Christchurch Dorset, located South of Hinton, west of Barton-on-Sea and East of Southbourne. Two: How Has the Shape of This Stretch of Coastline Changed Over Time? This is Hengistbury Head published in 1895, long before coastal erosion was understood or a worry. We can see here that the spit is much longer than it is in the most recent image, this is because they long groyne has not been built, so the area to the east of the spit is not deprived of beach material. It also shows that the small islands the Beerpan Rocks) are disappearing This is a more recent image of Hengistbury head, after the long groyne was built. We can see that the slat marsh has become larger since then; the groyne has also helped to trap beach sediment to the west of the headland. The spit is shorter, but the headland is wider and we notice that the Beerpan Rocks have completely disappeared. Three: What Is H.H How Was It Formed? Hengistbury Head is a headland; the definition of a head land is an area of land that is adjacent to water on 3 sides. It was formed by a number of natural processes, including erosion, long shore drift (where the sand and shingle are moved along the coast by the sea) and weathering where the elements erode the land causing it to change shape. What do Residents of H.H H.C think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? Four: Why is HH a popular tourist destination? Hengistbury head gets over 1,000,000 visitors a year, for a variety of reasons. The picturesque British coast provides a hot spot for families, and anyone who enjoys the beaches and coastline. HH also offers a lot of facilities for visitors; it has a nature reserve, and is a site of both scientific archaeological importance. The area surrounding HH makes perfect conditions for hikers and ramblers and the lowlands in the area to the west of the head are used a lot for kite flying and it is also a general picnic area. Another popular destination around HH is at its peak, named warren hill, where it is grassy and a pleasant place for families and couples. The surrounding towns such as Christchurch also have their own things to offer, the world famous Stone Henge is also only 30 miles away, which is always worth a stop. Five: What is an SSI? And why is HH one? The Wikipedia definition of an SSSI is: A Site of Special Scientific Interest or SSSI is a conservation designation denoting a protected area in the United Kingdom. S.S.S.Is are the basic building block of site-based nature conservation legislation and most other legal nature/geological conservation designations in Great Britain are based upon them, including National Nature Reserves, Ramsar Sites, Special Protection Areas, and Special Areas of Conservation. Hengistbury Head is an SSSI because it is home to many rare plants and animals. It is home to over 500 species of plant to date, including sea knotgrass (a nationally rare species) 14 types of Birds-Foot Trefoil (they are scarce) and 39 locally rare plants. There are also 300 types of bird have been recorded there, as well as large numbers of insects. Six: What are the problems at HH regarding coastal erosion? Erosion has been a huge problem for a number of years at HH, especially as the sea has now reached its base, where the can reach it with ease. The head was provided with some natural protection in the form of Ironstone Doggers that fell from the cliffs above onto the beach below, building natural barriers both on the beach, and out to sea.. Because of these, erosion was an extremely slow or possibly even stationary process, and HH remained stable for about 2000 years. But the ironstone doggers got their name from the fact they could provide excellent quality iron ore, some were even found to contain 30%by weight iron ore. Their use dates back top prehistoric times, but their exploitation since the Iron Age had left them rusty in colour and less useful. Another major problem that HH is faced with is long shore drift, a phrase that has come up a lot in this work so far. Before the groyne, the sand and shingle from the beach was being washed further and further up the coast by the sea, as there was nothing to stop it meaning that the beach was moving away. Seven: What coastal protection methods are already in place at HH? As we already know, there are groynes at HH, as this is the main subject of this investigation, but there are also other things in place. A Gabion Revetment has been built at HH as well as the groynes at HH in order to protect its weakest point on its eastern end. Even though it is not too attractive, it is effective in that it protects HH from becoming an island! But, it does have a downside; its lifespan is limited as it is in a very harsh environment, enduring all the things that we are trying to protect HH against. Another technique used at HH is beach replenishment, where the sand that has been washed away by the sea is replaced with shingle, that is less prone to be moved my the water, however it is not a permanent solution and had to be repeated every 10 years or so, also, it does not bode well with beach lovers as the stony shingle does not give the same experience as a sandy beach. There is also currently a debate going on, to decide weather or not to build and artificial reef at HH. While the main drive for this is to attract wildlife, surfers and divers etc, it would also partially replenish the original marine/iron ore reef that was removed by mining in the 1850s. Eight: What evidence is there of coastal erosion at HC? At Highcliffe, there is a lot of evidence to show that there is coastal erosion taking place There is slumping taking place, meaning that the cliff is collapsing into itself. This is happening for a number or reasons. Firstly, the rock is made of clay, an extremely soft rock, which absorbs a lot of water, making it even softer and prone to collapsing. It is not protected whatsoever; it is open to elements, also attacking the soft rock. Furthermore, coastal protections elsewhere (e.g. the groyne at HH) have an effect of this area. There is also growing human development taking place onto of the cliff, weakening it. Nine: Is there any coastal protection at HC? If so, what? There are quite a few different methods of coastal protection being used to protect Highcliffe at the moment, all of different costs, effectiveness, appearance, scale and use. Rock Armour or Rip-Rap is used at Highcliffe; it consists of large boulders, commonly granite, placed along the coastline to protect it from erosion and other processes caused by the sea. It has both good and bad qualities, it looks natural, as it is rock, it is a long term solution and will last, it is also very effective. But, it is very expensive, because the rock has to be bought or extracted and then transported to the coast and set up, it then has to be maintained, it is could also be dangerous, as people, especially children climb on it etc. There are also Groynes at Highcliffe, just like the one at Hengistbury Head; they are also effective in that they stop sand and shingle from moving down the coast in long shore drift. But, it also has a downside, they are not very attractive, they are very expensive and require a lot of maintenance, without which they become less effective. There are Drainage Gullies these help to drain the excess water from the cliffs, to prevent saturation, and direct it back to the sea. They are nearly unnoticeable as they are inside the cliff. But, they are also very expensive, and the cliff is weakened slightly when they are inputted into the cliffs. Vegetation is plated on the cliffs, it is cheap, it also absorbs excess water to prevent saturation, it looks natural and is attractive. But, it has no where near the same effect as other methods of protection. There are rocks and boulders placed on the coast as part of Rock Armour/Rip Rap, but standing alone or in small groups and they have the same effect. Beach replenishment is used at HC as well as at HH, where the sand that has been moved is replaced with shingle, again it is cheap, but it is not the same as having a sandy beach, and needs replacing every 10 years or so. Finally, a technique called terracing has been used on the cliffs, where they have been cut into levels similar to stairs; this puts less pressure of the cliffs and prevents slumping. Unfortunately, it is very expensive and laborious to do and make it harder for water to run off of the cliff, unless there are drainage gullies. What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? Ten: What do residents of HH and HC think about the erosion taking place along their coastline? To answer this key question I will use my questionnaire, analysing it and using it as evidence to answer this question with. The first question on the questionnaire was Do you live locally? and the most popular answer was A: Yes, Im a local resident with 54%. The least popular answer was B: I am a tourist (19%). This survey was conducted on a Friday, during the daytime, if it had been done at the weekend, or school holidays etc, the outcome may have been completely different, as a less people would be at work ; school etc. The third question on my questionnaire was Have you seen a change in the coastline? and the most popular response was C: Yes, quite a lot of change (72%) and the lest popular was D: Yes a massive change (30%) although there has been a lot of change on this stretch of coastline over the years, it is very slow, so even local residents, may have only noticed a certain amount of change, those who have lived there their whole lives, may notice more of a change than others. I then went on to ask what changes have you seen along the coast?, if any and the most popular answer to this was More erosion taking place (46%) and the least popular was More damage caused by those that use H.H (14%) So from this, I can conclude that the residents are fully aware of the changes that are going on with their coastline, also, while filling in my questionnaire, people also gave us some of their opinions of what was going on at H.H, and the general feeling is that more should be being done to protect it, as H.H is their homes. When asked What do you think of the coastal protection in place already in this area? the most popular answer was B: Its working fairly well (68%) and the least popular by far was A: No good at all, theyre ineffective (8%) this shows that the residents are not only aware of the problem, but are also aware of what is being done to try and slow it down. Eleven: Compare and Contrast what is happening at HH and HC to other case studies from around the coast of Britain. Hengistbury Head is not the only case like this in the UK, for this key question I will compare and contrast this scenario to others around Britain. Recently there has been a lot in the news about the collapsed cliff in Lyme Regis. In February 2001, the latest phase of an operation to stop the Lyme Regis falling into the sea was revealed; a new sea wall, at the cost of about à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½4m, but on the evening of the 6th of May 2008, the cliff partially collapsed and 100s of tonnes of debris tumbled onto the beach below, thankfully no one was hurt, and no buildings were lost. The area is very prone to landslips like this, and they have happened before, but the most recent one is being said to be the worst in 100 years. Lyme Regis, similar to HH and HC is a busy residential and tourist area and the main reasons for the protection of this part of the coast is the 170 homes, the football pitch, St Michaels Church (a historical landmark) and Charmouth Road, the main route out of the town. The reason behind the landslips is not only attack by the sea, but also just the make up of the rock; it is made from layers of soft blue lias clay that lay over a layer of harder limestone, this set up means that the rock takes on rainwater, becoming saturated, causing the land to become more unstable. The first phase of this project was completed in 1996, and the second and third were completed in 2007, the work was taken on very quickly after falling rocks destroyed two buildings. This related to what is happening at HH and HC because although work is being done, the land is still collapsing and slipping away. This is however, different in many ways to what is happening to HH and HC, large pieces of these cliffs have yet to fall away and bring the message truly home. This part of coastline also had protection already in place, this shows that sometimes one thing isnt enough to tackle the elements, and more perhaps needs to be done. Another example of a similar scenario is Steephill Cove, which is on the Isle of Wight: Steephill Cove is backed by residential development, and has Victorian coastal defences, which were partially upgraded in 1992/3 it was then recognised that further work was needed on the sea wall in the centre of the bay. The reason behind this need for further work of the coastal defences was that the land was unstable, similar to Lyme Regis, due to coastal erosion. As said before, the fact that further work was needed was recognised years ago, just not the extent of what was needed. This shows that not enough is understood about what is happening to our coasts, it is often taking landslides or cliff collapses to remind people of what is going on, work is also left until the area is truly desperate, as is in this example. These two other cases link back to my prediction that it could be seen as a selfish or unselfish idea to build these defences, or in some cases not building them quick enough. These two cases will help me with my conclusion. Four: Conclusion. Over this piece of coursework I have looked at lots of pieces of evidence to help me answer the question I was asked at the beginning. Before giving my final opinion I will sum up both sides of the argument, using everything I have learned over the past few weeks, finishing with my own opinion, again backing it up with what I have learned. On one hand, the building of the groyne at HH can be seen as a selfish idea. I will go through these points in order of importance as I see them from least to the most important argument. Firstly, there is a religious view to this argument, God built the earth and the sea, and provided us with the elements, he didnt provide coastal defences, the land is only doing what is natural to it .Secondly, although coastal defences are effective and protect our beautiful country from crumbling into the sea from the outside in, but they are not attractive, HH and HC are both very beautiful places with high numbers of residents and tourists and the groynes and other defences subtract from their natural magnificence somewhat. Thirdly, coastal defences are very expensive, costing thousands, sometimes even millions of pounds, as well as needing to be maintained and repaired, as stated before, HH is very popular tourist area, with over 1,000,000 visitors per year, the money used to build the groyne could have been better spent elsewhere, improving local services etc in order to bring back and bring in more visitors to the area. Fourthly, and possibly the best argument in my opinion, is that the south coast of Britain is the most attacked coastline in the world, but not all of it is being protected, some parts are left completely bare to be worn away by the sea, wind and rain. This is obvious if you visit Hengistbury Head, there is a point where you can stand, if you look to one side, you can sea the long groyne and the difference that it makes, look to the other, there is no defences what so ever, where you can see the effect the sea has had on the area. On the other hand, the building of the groyne can be seen as unselfish. As I said before, HH and HC are both busy residential and tourist areas, the coastal defences that are in place are protecting the area so that it can continue to be enjoyed in good condition and also stay safe to live on and visit. HC already has a lot of coastal defences, in the form of sea walls, gabions, rock armour and beach replenishment etc. The residents of Hengistbury Head, when filling in a questionnaire, answered the question would you prefer it if the coast was left unprotected? 72% said no, this shows that the residents of HH and HC want the protection there to keep their towns and homes etc safe, on this level it is unselfish, because it is what the majority want. Furthermore, the residents of Highcliffe also answered this questionnaire, the main argument is; is the groyne a selfish idea because of the effect it has on the neighbouring town of Highcliffe? The residents here do not think that the coa st should be left un protected either. In conclusion I feel that the building of the long groyne at Hengistbury Head was NOT selfish one. I think this because of the amount of protection that is present at Highcliffe too, both areas are equally protected from coastal erosion for the time being. Also, I feel that it wasnt a selfish idea due to the amount of tourism the area attracts with over 1,000,000 visitors per year, the protection in place means that people will continue to come back and more new visitors will come to enjoy the scenic British coast this will maintain the economy in the area and keep local businesses thriving etc. Lastly, I feel that the groyne was not a selfish idea because not enough awareness is being raised of the issues of coastal erosion, the councils at HH and HC are obviously aware of what is happening to the coast around their areas but others are not, it more awareness is raised then more parts of the British coast can be protected. Five: Evaluation. Although the visits to HH and HC were useful, trips are different times of the year and day would be useful too because the groups of people visiting would be different and they would give different opinions are answers to questionnaires etc as would the landscape, we went on a typical summer/spring day during the week in the middle of the day, if we were to visit in mid winter at the weekend for example, we would have probably met some completely different people and the results of our questionnaires would be very different. In an ideal world case studies for things such as coastlines would be done over a period of a number of years, in order to see the changes happening first hand instead of researching it and asking people about it. From completing this piece of coursework I have learned quite a lot, the different types of coastal protection, how they work, how much they coast, how this case relates to others around the country, what the residents of the area really think, I have also learned the importance of spreading coursework out evenly and giving yourself enough time to complete it, and not panicking if youre struggling. If I was to do this coursework again there are several things that I would do differently, I would ask more people to fill in my questionnaire, and gather more in depth information from them on their opinions of what is happening at HH and HC I would also try to keep my field work more detailed and neater to help me later on.

Writing Trump Coal Sample Essay

Writing Trump Coal Sample EssayYou can build on the theme of the Trump administration by writing a sample essay for Donald Trump Coal Sample Essay Contest. The basics of this essay are: opposition, contrast, controversy, possibility for change. It is a chance to use your knowledge of some of Trump's statements about various issues and your writing skills.While I cannot give you a complete outline of what your essay should be about, I can offer some general ideas about how to approach the topic in terms of specific examples. First of all, your essay must be both objective and informative. In other words, the topic of your sample essay must not be a matter of personal opinion or bias. This would violate the contest rules.Your example examples in your Trump coal sample essay must include the exact figures, statistics, and data which you wish to discuss. The outcome of your essay should be for a judge or audience to analyze objectively. If you have to guess at what the results may be, yo ur sample essay will be unfairly judged. In addition, I cannot stress enough the importance of explaining why your conclusions are supported by data rather than simple opinion.Opposing views are presented as alternatives. The focus of your essay should be the probability of these different alternatives actually being true. The argument should be based on statistical evidence. If possible, include such evidence in your sample essay.You can use your own examples to present the facts, but try to be careful not to use too much descriptive language in your examples. You do not want to scare off judges who find your writing less than effective. However, it may be necessary to use some limited descriptive language in your conclusion. In fact, there may be times when you will need to borrow from other essay samples so that you can keep your examples relevant. Do not try to out-do the other samples on the basis of style or structure. In particular, do not attempt to be more literary than oth ers. Take the whole essay and incorporate the best features into one, rather than attempting to write three dissimilar essays.Your conclusion should also be ready with the option to work within it or not. If your conclusion has the option to be modified or even abandoned, then your essay will most likely be judged to be better than your competitors'. This is because readers tend to like it when a writer has a good idea that he or she can use in a variety of different ways.Remember to use some of the key points you presented in your essay, especially if they are critical. Remember to analyze your competition, make sure you've got your facts straight, use your own examples to support your opinion, and use your conclusion to show how all the options would benefit the United States.

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Daniel Clowes Ghost World: Argumentative Comparison Essay -- Ghost Wo

Pictured on the back cover of the comic book "Ghost World," by Daniel Clowes, are the two main characters of the book in full color. This strikingly significant image, surely shrugged off by most Clowes' readers, represents worlds of diversity within the frames of the book. Sporting pink spandex pants underneath her goldfinch yellow skirt and a blue t-shirt to match perfectly, Enid seems to live her life outside the bubble. She's a very dynamic girl, especially interested in her surroundings and people around her. On the other hand, Becky is dressed like a "typical" girl, with a long black skirt and a white blouse, thus representing her conforming presence in the world. Becky is much more passive than Enid, going with the flow of things just living life. The contrasting personalities of Enid and Becky come ironically, being best friends. However, it brings out their defining qualities in the comic book while quietly calling attention to the values of life, what is real an d what is not. The title page on the second page of the book can be analyzed to show how Enid lives a different life than those on the "inside." The illustration is colored in a light hue of blue, somewhat casting a bleak and lifeless feeling. The picture shows Enid walking down the street with her hands in her pockets, back turned. Nighttime falls as the luminous moon watches down on Ghost World at dusk, casting Enid's shadow down on the sidewalk behind her. To her right is a house with window and the phrase Ghost World scrawled on the side of building. Everything in the scene is shaded and colored in a robin's egg b... ...ple, or the adorable old man who bought the pathetic flowers from the grocery store to take home to his wife. Becky doesn't notice these minute details that Enid does, nor does she care very much. In any case, they are in different worlds. Whose world is real? There's no answer to that. If it's real to them, then that's what it will be. The characters are diverse in the comic book, and it helps for the reader to not only understand the plot and distinguish between the two characters, but to show that people are naturally different, immature or mature, conforming or nonconforming. Diversity makes the world what it is, and that's as real is it can get. Work Cited Clowes, Daniel. "Ghost World" Fantagraphics (April 1, 2001)

The Rate and Sequence of Development in Children and Adolescents Essay

Human development begins at conception and continues right through to adolescence after which the young adult emerges. In order to inform best practice when working with children it’s important to understand the development of children and young people and some key concepts that affect it. Areas of Development Children’s development is often thought of in four areas: Physical – This concerns the development of motor functions Cognitive – This is the development of a child’s ability to perceive and understand the world around them. It includes skills involved in memory, abstract thought, learning and understanding Social and Emotional – Social and emotional development centers around the child’s perception of their own identity and their place in society. It concerns their relationships and attachments, self-image, gender and psychosexual development and ideas around morality Communication – The child acquires skills in language and non-verbal communication Again, these areas of development are linked. The child’s cognitive ability will affect his acquisition of language skills. His ability to communicate will influence his social interaction, which in turn will affect his moral development. Each development follows on from the last and a deficiency in one area may lead to problems arising in the child’s development across a wide range of skills. Read more: Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of external factors essay Rate of Development It is important to realise that although development occurs in a common order, the rates at which a child develops can vary. This can influence the approach that must be taken when working with children as we must take into account each individual’s stage of development and adapt our approach accordingly. The rate of development is influenced by many factors both genetic and environmental. For example, a baby will commonly begin to smile socially at around 6 weeks old. However, if the child is not talked to or smiled at during the first few weeks after birth they may not smile socially until much later while a baby who experiences lots of positive communication in those early weeks may smile sooner than 6 weeks. Brain Development Development in children is closely linked to their brain development. At birth a baby will have almost all of the brain cells or Neurons that they will develop throughout life. Brain function develops as the Neurons create links between one another called synapses. At 2-3 years old children have almost twice as many synapses as they will have in adulthood. Throughout a child’s development their Neurons develop a fatty coating that enables the cells to function more efficiently and speeds up signal transmission through the synapses. The more a synapse is used the stronger it becomes and the developing child’s environment is essential for this strengthening process, providing the stimuli required to develop strong synapses. During late childhood and adolescence the brain undergoes a process called ‘pruning’ whereby it rids itself of excess synaptic connections and reorganises itself to become more efficient. This process can cause a temporary reduction in certain skills in adolescents, particularly those requiring reasoning and social communication. Stages of Development In order to understand development in children we commonly break it down into 5 stages. These are: Infancy – Birth to 1 year old Early Years – 1 to 3 years old Childhood – 4 to 7 years old Puberty – 8 – 12 years old Adolescence – 12 – 19 years old. The stages are not fixed at the ages given but rather serve as a guide for the development of the ‘average’ child. This allows professionals to gauge whether a child is making appropriate developmental progress and decide whether interventions are necessary. Developmental stages can also be talked about in terms of ‘milestones’. These are the ages at which we would expect to see most children having achieved a certain stage in their development. For example, most children will be able to walk alone and un-aided at 18 months old. Many children will achieve this at an earlier age however. The stages of development are linked and sequential. This means that all children will develop in the same order and each skill or ability serves as a foundation for the next. Infancy During the Child’s first year the majority of their development concerns their physical ability. Development is rapid when compared to later stages although the rate of cognitive and social development is highly dependent on the quality of care the child receives. Development in the first year can be observed as follows: Birth to 1 month: The infant will gain more control over his neck and be able to begin supporting his own head albeit unsteadily. He will be able to grasp items when they are placed in his palm and have the ability to coordinate the movement of his head and eyes. He will be interested in bright and shiny objects as he begins to interpret the world around him. This also leads him to gaze intently at his carers, imitating their facial expressions. During the first month the infant will use cries to indicate when he needs attention. He will learn which cries are more effective and begin to tailor his communication to the circumstances. The infant’s cognitive development begins at a basic level, seeing him react to bright lights by blinking, crying when they require a need to be met and beginning to track moving objects with their eyes. 1 – 3 months During the infant’s second and third month he will begin to become interested in his own movements, playing with his hands and watching them intently. He is able to kick and wave his arms and legs and hold an object for a few seconds. By six weeks old we would expect to see social smiling as his social and emotional development carries on. This can occur earlier or later depending on the quality of care the infant receives. The infant will begin to recognise sounds and identify their direction, will stop crying when he hears a human voice and will begin to vocalise when he is spoken to or indeed when he is alone. Cognitively, the infant’s development is still at a relatively slow rate while his senses and movements are refined. Over this period he will distinguish between and follow the movements of large and small items. 3 – 6 months The infant will develop strength in his arms, using them for support when lying down. He will be able to hold on to small items and pass them from one hand to another. He is also able to sit upright with support. During this period there is an increase in the infant’s social and emotional development, seeing them voacalise and engage with his carers. He will also become more interested in other babies and begins to become interested in social interaction. In normal circumstances the infant will begin to display ‘stranger fear’ behavior although, according to attachment theories put forward by Mary Ainsworth and later Mary Main and Judith Solomon, these behaviours can vary and may not present at all depending on the type of attachment the infant has made with his primary caregiver. The infant may also make use of a comfort object, for example a blanket or toy. During this time the infant will begin to communicate in an interactive way, responding differently to different noises, laughing during play and through the understanding of simple words such as ‘No’ and ‘Bye bye’. Now, with his new-found interactive skills, his cognitive development begins to speed up. He will become extremely curious and attempt to investigate his environment thoroughly. Objects are frequently put into the mouth and he develops the ability to apply ‘object permanence’, becoming able to calculate the position of objects that have been dropped and rolled out of sight. By their first birthday they should be able to: Area of Development Indicators Physical Coordinate their limbs and move around by crawling Use fine motor skills to manipulate objects with their hands Sit up alone and support their own head and neck Finger feed Cognitive Understand the world around them and begin to develop object permanence Behaviour becomes ‘goal directed’ Social and Emotional Recognise their usual carers and display stranger fear. Communication Begin to form simple speech sounds Able to communicate through pointing Know his own name Early years Between the ages of 1 and 3 years old the child gains a greater awareness of their identity and social interaction. They also refine their motor skills and develop a greater ability to communicate and speak. 12 – 18 Months This period is an exciting time in a ‘Toddler’s’ physical development. He will improve his ability to walk with support until he is able to confidently walk unaided, be able to feed himself with a spoon and have refined his fine motor skills to enable him to grasp objects such as a crayon. He will begin to enjoy kicking and rolling a ball and will have shown his preference for either his right or left hand. The child will begin to display ‘temper tantrums’ and become more assertive and emotionally volatile. He will feel safe in routine and will rebel at changes to it. During this stage the child will be egocentric and enjoy playing alone. He will struggle to understand sharing and will display ‘stranger shyness’, retreating to the safety of his main caregiver when  feeling scared. Between the ages of 12-18 months the child will begin to speak with the first words emerging and building to a vocabulary of around 18-20 words. He will be able to follow simple instructions and will begin to mimic sentences spoken to him, particularly the last few words. The child’s cognitive development will see him learning how objects work together through play with toys such as blocks. He will be able to recognise familiar people and point to different parts of the body. He will be able to appreciate picture books and recognise and indicate named objects. 18 Months – 2 Years The child will now be able to climb stairs unaided and enjoy climbing over furniture when he has the opportunity. He is able to build a tower with blocks and manipulate drawing tools to generate circles and dots. During this time the child will begin to become interested in other children although will still be reluctant to share. He begins to develop empathy for others and becomes more emotionally stable with a reduction in the frequency and severity of tantrums. He will become more confident when left in the care of others. His language development will continue with his vocabulary growing to around 200 words. He will become able to form simple two-word sentences and will begin to talk to himself as part of play. 2 Years – 2 Years 6 Months The child will become bigger and stronger, allowing him to exert more force on his environment. This promotes confidence and the child will be able to experiment with jumping, walking on tiptoes and play with balls and other toys. The child will start to play cooperatively in small groups and develop an idea of gender identity. He will become increasingly emotionally secure and will use the safety of his caregiver as a base to explore the world around him. The child’s vocabulary will continue to grow rapidly with the child understanding more complex grammatical rules such as plurals. He will be able to hold simple conversations with others and have learned to count to 10. Over the last year the child will have learned to differentiate between colours and recognise a few of them. He will be able to draw more accurately and use tools such as paint brushes, scissors and crayons. By their third birthday they will be able to: Area of Development Indicators Physical The child is able to complete more complex physical tasks They will have developed their fine motor function and be able to manipulate objects more accurately They will be able to walk independently and climb stairs Cognitive Continue to learn through behavior modeling, copying more advanced behaviours Begin to explore the world around them The child will use role play and creative play to develop their thinking processes The child is able to classify objects using simple criteria Social and Emotional The child becomes egocentric and struggles to see situations from another’s perspective Has a clear idea of gender identity Begins to interact with a wider peer group and engage in group play Communication Is able to speak clearly and uses a vocabulary of around 200 – 300 words Still struggles to understand nonverbal communication Childhood From roughly aged three to the age of seven years old the child sees a rapid development in their social and communication abilities. They develop ideas around rules and social acceptance while growing bonds with peers. They also experience an increase in their cognitive ability and physical skills. 3-4 Years During this time the child may learn to ride a bike and will be able to throw and catch a ball accurately. He will be able to take more control over his personal care with the ability to dress and undress and to brush his teeth. He will be able to control his hands more accurately, allowing him to use scissors to cut around an object. The child will develop friendships and enjoy cooperative and dramatic play. He will have a strong sense of gender awareness and become stable and emotionally secure. Alongside an increasing sense of independence he will also find a reduction in the anxiety associated with being separated from his carers although he will still need comforting and reassurance. The Child will learn to use short, grammatically correct sentences and begin to use language to gain information about their world. He will still make errors in tense however will be easily understood and will easily imitate adult speech. This period see interesting cognitive development in the child. He will begin to classify objects using simple criteria such as weight, and understand third-person concepts such as ‘in front of’ and ‘next to’. He will understand the routine of daily life and be able to recognise key times such as meal times and bed time. He will also have developed a greater understanding of colour and will be able to draw more complex objects such as a full person or a house. 5-6 Years Between the ages of 5 and 6 years the child will increase in their technical ability. He will have begun to form letters and be able to write his own name while also developing his gross motor skills to allow him to hit a ball with a bat and run with increasing speed. The child will now start to develop a sense of morality and will be concerned about other people’s perceptions of him. He will freely form firm friendships and be able to play complex games while remaining supportive to other children. During this stage the child’s vocabulary will continue to grow quickly, exceeding 5000 words. His speech will be clear and fluent and he will gain enjoyment from jokes, singing and rhymes. He will recognise new words and ask for definitions to clarify their meaning. Cognitively he will develop in several areas. His ability to read and write will increase, seeing him sight reading over ten words and being able to read simple books with a little more effort. He will be able to write more fluently, forming words and will be able to draw with increasing sophistication. He will be able to understand concepts around quantity including ‘whole’ and ‘half’ while also being able to count as far as 100. His understanding of routine will increase and he will be able to predict the order of future events. By their seventh birthday a child should: Area of Development Indicators Physical The child will be able to perform complex tasks such as catching and throwing a ball Their fine motor skills will allow them to perform tasks like threading a needle and using scissors Cognitive Have a basic understanding of rules and consequences The child will be able to understand concepts such as humour and fairness They will have a creative imagination Social and Emotional The child will interact easily with peers They will understand the concept of society and ‘fitting in’ They will be able to play cooperatively The child is more able to understand another’s perspective Communication They begin to derive pleasure from communicating They are able to use more complex language techniques The child is able to express himself through writing and drawing Puberty From ages 8 to 12 years old children begin to experience puberty. Typically this occurs earlier in girls while in boys it may not happen until as late as 14 years old. During this time their body undergoes changes to become sexually mature and the child develops a more advanced perception around gender and sexuality. The brain begins the ‘pruning’ process during this phase and so we see an increase in the child’s ability to analyse their own thought process coupled with a reduction in the ability to use reasoning skills, social communication and empathy. By the age of 12 a child should: Areas of Development Indicators Physical The child by now will possess good coordination skills Their body will begin to develop into the adult form with an increase in hormone activity Cognitive The child’s analytical abilities will be good and they will be able to solve problems independently They will be able to classify and compare objects using complicated variables They will develop a strong idea of personal identity and gender Social and Emotional The child will become more independent and place a greater emphasis on peer relationships They will begin to challenge authority and test out boundaries to further develop their independence Temporarily experience a reduction in their reasoning ability Communication They are able to express themselves articulately They can describe ideas about themselves, for example their strengths and weaknesses Their social communication skills may weaken temporarily through the ‘pruning’ process Adolescence During adolescence young people develop their ability to understand abstract concepts while gaining their independence. Their physical development is almost complete and they now learn to deal with complex adult emotions, sexuality, and their strengths and weaknesses. Their communication skills and reasoning ability gradually return allowing them to maintain complex relationships and make choices about their future. By age 19 the young adult will: Area of Development Indicators Physical Their bodies will now be fully matured and they will have high skill in various areas Their reaction times and coordination will be good Cognitive Their ability to use reason will return They will be able to use abstract thoughts They will have a perception of their place in the world They will be able to question information and make rational decisions based on experience Social and Emotional Develop a greater link with his peer group Self esteem can affected by physical changes Peer pressure becomes a more important factor Communication The young person’s social communication and empathy will return towards the end of adolescence They will be able to understand and express complicated abstract concepts